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What evidence is there of racism before colonialism?
Removed by modFrom what I understand the modern concept of race arose during the age of colonialism, but before that time, was there any documented accounts of racism against black people by white people?
the direct antecedents of colonial racial theory were proto-colonial projects in Iberia & Ireland, wherein religious affiliation started to be imagined as an innate trait that couldn't actually be changed & this gets subbed into skin colors/places of origin/genealogy
the immediate cause is was material; Ireland & Grenada were places conquered & the people conquering wanted to justify as-complete-as-possible dispossession & harsh laws to efficiently extract as much wealth as possible. they systematically denied rights to catholic (in ireland), muslim, & jewish people irregardless of individuals converting to the religion of the conquerors.
how english settlers treated native americans & africans they'd enslave was an extension of the way they treated irish people, with new systems for emerging capitalism (slavery-->irish weren't slaves simply because the method of production was still feudal).
The colonization of Ireland may have been a model for future colonization projects but there is one key difference between what happened in Ireland than in India or America. The Irish were white, it doesn't matter if the racial scientists of the time proclaimed that the Irish were inferior to africans, in practice the Irish were treated better than any black person enslaved into chattel slavery. Oppression between whites has always been softer than white oppression of blacks, white and light skinned people throughout history have always been the oppressors no exception, they always own the most land, hold the prestigious positions, and are seen as the leaders. Black people do not think in terms of race unless forced to, whites do it naturally.