1-on-1 sessions with professors is really the only only useful part of teaching.
Any university that has the resources to this may as well replace written exams with oral ones. They're hard to cram for and typically it's much easier to gauge understanding when the instructor can ask follow up questions. My preferred testing method for a final exam is an independent small research project, with a written component, an oral presentation, and follow up questions by the instructor. I've never seen this in anything but graduate courses, primarily due to class sizes, but also a typical undergrad cohort's breadth of knowledge isn't exactly large enough to implement practically for 1st and 2nd year courses. Worth mentioning that Italy and, I think, Russia tend to do oral exams in undergraduate, and grad students from those places tend to think it was a great way to be tested.
Any university that has the resources to this may as well replace written exams with oral ones. They're hard to cram for and typically it's much easier to gauge understanding when the instructor can ask follow up questions. My preferred testing method for a final exam is an independent small research project, with a written component, an oral presentation, and follow up questions by the instructor. I've never seen this in anything but graduate courses, primarily due to class sizes, but also a typical undergrad cohort's breadth of knowledge isn't exactly large enough to implement practically for 1st and 2nd year courses. Worth mentioning that Italy and, I think, Russia tend to do oral exams in undergraduate, and grad students from those places tend to think it was a great way to be tested.