Like allowing multiple political parties, full freedom of speech and assembly, abolishing the police, ownership of weapons, direct democracy etc.
The common justification is that they were in a dire situation where allowing too much freedom would allow counterrevolutionaries and foreign imperialists to sabotage and destroy them. I find this unconvincing, to what extent is security better than freedom? To what extent can the current leadership be trusted to "protect the revolution" than possible others better suited who couldnt take power?
Even then, why did the Soviet Union and other communist countries not democratize after WW2 when they arguably established sovereignty with their nuclear weapons?
Just as the capitalist ruling class preferred fascism to losing their power to communists, it seems the Marxist-Leninist rulers preferred capitalism to a more democratic form of socialism.
We see this happen now in Cuba, the last bastion of Marxism-Leninism, where the ruling class has been gradually introducing privatization and market reforms rather than allowing things like open elections, freedom of speech etc. Under capitalism, they can still rule.
I've been wondering something about the research Bloomberg cites there actually. The poll looks really good for China, but kinda terrible for Venezuela. Any idea what's going on there?
Sanctions have dropped the quality of life. The oil industry is in tatters. There’s an opposition party calling for coups and invasions on the regular. The democratic system there is barely functional right now.
EDIT: or it’s what Unperson said.
Well the pressure from the US certainly is stronger on Venezuela than China. While Venezuela seems to be holding firm well enough despite it, I can't imagine it's been easy for the people either.
If you go to the source you immediately see the problem:
The 'survey' is an online poll, deliberately not adjusted for income. The fact that Bolivia always ranks really poorly in these kinds of polls, because most of the population doesn't even have access to the Internet, let alone use it for anything but interpersonal communication, was used as justification for the coup.