Italian Renaissance painter and architect Raphael became Perugino's apprentice in 1504. Living in Florence from 1504 to 1507, he began painting a series of "Madonnas." In Rome from 1509 to 1511, he painted the Stanza della Segnatura ("Room of the Signatura") frescoes located in the Palace of the Vatican. He later painted another fresco cycle for the Vatican, in the Stanza d'Eliodoro ("Room of Heliodorus"). In 1514, Pope Julius II hired Raphael as his chief architect. Around the same time, he completed his last work in his series of the "Madonnas," an oil painting called the Sistine Madonna. Raphael died in Rome on April 6, 1520.
Early Life and Training
Raphael was born Raffaello Sanzio on April 6, 1483, in Urbino, Italy. At the time, Urbino was a cultural center that encouraged the Arts. Raphael’s father, Giovanni Santi, was a painter for the Duke of Urbino, Federigo da Montefeltro. Giovanni taught the young Raphael basic painting techniques and exposed him to the principles of humanistic philosophy at the Duke of Urbino’s court.
In 1494, when Raphael was just 11 years old, Giovanni died. Raphael then took over the daunting task of managing his father’s workshop. His success in this role quickly surpassed his father’s; Raphael was soon considered one of the finest painters in town. As a teen, he was even commissioned to paint for the Church of San Nicola in the neighboring town of Castello.
In 1500, a master painter named Pietro Vannunci, otherwise known as Perugino, invited Raphael to become his apprentice in Perugia, in the Umbria region of central Italy. In Perugia, Perugino was working on frescoes at the Collegio del Cambia. The apprenticeship lasted four years and provided Raphael with the opportunity to gain both knowledge and hands-on experience. During this period, Raphael developed his own unique painting style, as exhibited in the religious works the Mond Crucifixion (circa 1502), The Three Graces (circa 1503), The Knight’s Dream (1504) and the Oddi altarpiece, Marriage of the Virgin, completed in 1504.
Paintings
In 1504, Raphael left his apprenticeship with Perugino and moved to Florence, where he was heavily influenced by the works of the Italian painters Fra Bartolommeo, Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo and Masaccio. To Raphael, these innovative artists had achieved a whole new level of depth in their composition. By closely studying the details of their work, Raphael managed to develop an even more intricate and expressive personal style than was evident in his earlier paintings.
From 1504 through 1507, Raphael produced a series of "Madonnas," which extrapolated on da Vinci's works. Raphael's experimentation with this theme culminated in 1507 with his painting, La belle jardinière. That same year, Raphael created his most ambitious work in Florence, the Entombment, which was evocative of the ideas that Michelangelo had recently expressed in his Battle of Cascina.
Raphael moved to Rome in 1508 to paint in the Vatican "Stanze" ("Room"), under Pope Julius II’s patronage. From 1509 to 1511, Raphael toiled over what was to become one of the Italian High Renaissance’s most highly regarded fresco cycles, those located in the Vatican's Stanza della Segnatura ("Room of the Signatura"). The Stanza della Segnatura series of frescos include The Triumph of Religion and The School of Athens. In the fresco cycle, Raphael expressed the humanistic philosophy that he had learned in the Urbino court as a boy.
In the years to come, Raphael painted an additional fresco cycle for the Vatican, located in the Stanza d'Eliodoro ("Room of Heliodorus"), featuring The Expulsion of Heliodorus, The Miracle of Bolsena, The Repulse of Attila from Rome and The Liberation of Saint Peter. During this same time, the ambitious painter produced a successful series of "Madonna" paintings in his own art studio. The famed Madonna of the Chair and Sistine Madonna were among them.
Architecture
By 1514, Raphael had achieved fame for his work at the Vatican and was able to hire a crew of assistants to help him finish painting frescoes in the Stanza dell’Incendio, freeing him up to focus on other projects. While Raphael continued to accept commissions -- including portraits of popes Julius II and Leo X -- and his largest painting on canvas, The Transfiguration (commissioned in 1517), he had by this time begun to work on architecture. After architect Donato Bramante died in 1514, the pope hired Raphael as his chief architect. Under this appointment, Raphael created the design for a chapel in Sant’ Eligio degli Orefici. He also designed Rome’s Santa Maria del Popolo Chapel and an area within Saint Peter’s new basilica.
Raphael’s architectural work was not limited to religious buildings. It also extended to designing palaces. Raphael’s architecture honored the classical sensibilities of his predecessor, Donato Bramante, and incorporated his use of ornamental details. Such details would come to define the architectural style of the late Renaissance and early Baroque periods.
Death and Legacy
On April 6, 1520, Raphael’s 37th birthday, he died suddenly and unexpectedly of mysterious causes in Rome, Italy. He had been working on his largest painting on canvas, The Transfiguration (commissioned in 1517), at the time of his death. When his funeral mass was held at the Vatican, Raphael's unfinished Transfiguration was placed on his coffin stand. Raphael’s body was interred at the Pantheon in Rome, Italy.
Megathreads and spaces to hang out:
- ❤️ Come listen to music and Watch movies with your fellow Hexbears nerd, in Cy.tube
- 💖 Come talk in the New Monthly queer thread
- 🧡 Monthly Neurodiverse Megathread
- 💛 Read about a current topic in the news
- ⭐️ October Movie Nominations ⭐️
reminders:
- 💚 You nerds can join specific comms to see posts about all sorts of topics
- 💙 Hexbear’s algorithm prioritizes struggle sessions over upbears
- 💜 Sorting by new you nerd
- 🌈 If you ever want to make your own megathread, you can go here nerd
- 🐶 Join the unofficial Hexbear-adjacent Mastodon instance toots.matapacos.dog
- ☮️ you can join the upcoming anti war rally this march
Links To Resources (Aid and Theory):
Aid:
- 💙Comprehensive list of resources for those in need of an abortion -- reddit link
- 💙Resources for Palestine
Theory:
:turtle-pogger: New Megathread Nerds!!! :posting:
-
🐶 Join the unofficial Hexbear-adjacent Mastodon instance toots.matapacos.dog
-
🌈 If you ever want to make your own megathread, you can go here nerd
@aaaaaaadjsf @Abraxiel @Abstraction @Acute_Engles @American_Communist22 @AnarchaPrincess @Antilope @Alaskaball @Aliveelectricwire @artificialset @bbnh69420 @BigLadKarlLiebknecht @buh @CatEars420 @cawsby @CDommunist @Cheesewizzard @Cherufe @ClimateChangeAnxiety @clover @comi @Commander_Data @ComradeCmdrPiggy @ComradeEchidna @context @congressbaseballfan @corgiwithalaptop @crime @Cromalin @CyborgMarx @Dawn_Beveridge @Dirt_Owl @Dolores @Donut @drinkinglakewater @Dryad @ElChapoDeChapo @ElGosso @el_principito @EmmaGoldman @FidelCashflow @Flinch @flowernet @forcequit @Frogmanfromlake @Gabbo @GalaxyBrain @ghosts @Goadstool @GomerPyle @GorbinOutOverHere @GoroAkechi @Grownbravy @GVAGUY3 @HarryLime @hexaflexagonbear @HoChiMaxh @Hohsia @Ho_Chi_Chungus @Ideology @InevitableSwing @iwillavengeyoufather @I_HATE_JOHN_CALVIN @jabrd @JamesConeZone @Kanna @Kaputnik @Koa_lala @kristina @LesbianLiberty @marxisthayaca
@MaxOS @MelaniaTrump @Mindfury @Nakoichi @PaulSmackage @plinky @PM_ME_YOUR_FOUCAULTS @PorkrollPosadist @President_Obama @PurrLure @Ram_The_Manparts @Redcuban1959 @RNAi
@Rojo27 @RoseColoredVoid @solaranus @SorosFootSoldier @Sickos @silent_water @Sphere @Spike @spring_rabbit @ssjmarx @take_five_seconds @TankieTanuki @Teekeeus @Tervell
@TheSpectreOfGay @ThisMachinePostsHog @ultraviolet @UlyssesT @Venustum @viva_la_juche @WhatDoYouMeanPodcast @WhyEssEff @WIIHAPPYFEW @wtypstanaccount04 @wombat @Yanqui_UXO @Zoift @Zuzak@thelastaxolotl @WhoaSlowDownMaurice @Quimby @Lydia
@CARCOSA @liberal @ella @all_that_is_solid @KenBonesWildRide @KiraNerys @TomboyShulk @DuckNuckem @SapGreen @Zangief @scumlord @COMMENT @Antisocial_Socialist @DOPESMOKERDENG
Remember nerds, no current struggle session discussion here on the general megathread, i will ban you from the comm and remove your comment, have a good day/night :meow-coffee:
-
On covid lockdown’s 3rd anniversary, Biden has moved on
:screm3: there was never a “lockdown”, you fucking WSJ ghouls
But people in media ordered doordash for like a month so kind of the same thing.
Ever wonder if all of this is just punishment for you mashing all the disaster buttons in SimCity as a kid?
i remember deleting the fences in zoo tycoon just to see the animals run around
my sister would just trap a sim in a 1x1 room with no door so they eventuall died of hunger, she did this so the main sim she would play with had more starting money
sims are just like me fr
wake up, cry, piss on the floor, floating red gemstone
You gotta put them in a room with no exits and let them have the cheapest microwave with no means of extinguishing the inevitable fire.
Don’t forget creating a Kafka-esque series of fences to funnel the exits allowing the animals ample time to exact revenge
I have no doubt in my mind that reality was conceived by a cruel and insane god to indulge it's sadistic whims.
no, i was a good child who never did that <--(never had simcity, but would never have been mean to her sims if she had)
Im currently forcing a friend to explain to me exactly what he finds funny about a cringe compilation vid of what appears to just be drag queens being queens. He knows I'm gay. He knows my husband and I are considering fleeing this country because of the rising dangers against the LGBT. So I wanna know why he would think I'd want to see that video.
Wtf enchamster is such a good fucking pokemon that I'm amazed it doesn't exist
lol jordan peterson quote tweeted a bizarre fetish (?) video of dudes getting jacked off by machines that claimed it's the work of the ebil CCP
very NSFW: https://twitter.com/jordanbpeterson/status/1634679410245681153
Atlas Tugged staring Dr. Jordan Peterson as the heroic John Galt who is obsessed with building the perfect wank machine.
did you see the person in the replies claiming that they are harvesting the sperm of dead men? that one had me rolling. completely deranged
This is how Zero tugged the super soldier sperm out of Big Boss to clone Solid and Liquid Snake, he put the boss in the sissy hypno cuck milking machine and flipped on the comically large 'on' switch.
i know you meant big boss, but imagining the boss as trans is very funny. she was the first trans woman to become pregnant (and to give birth on a battlefield) back during ww2 in addition to being the first person in space. and she kept her dick
i am literally on benzos and yet my mind is not half this deranged i feel ripped off tbh
The wild part is I think lobster man is sober but the damage has already been done and he's fried upstairs.
to paraphrase chapo, he got sober by getting his head bonked with a comically sized mallet in a Jacob's Ladder esque hospital in siberia. in the first videos from his return he looked legitimately unwell. any damage the drugs left undone was more than finished by the treatment
he got sober by getting his head bonked with a comically sized mallet in a Jacob’s Ladder esque hospital in siberia.
oh my god I'm laughing so hard at this, and the tweet, ouch oof oh my stomach hurts
what's even funnier about him tweeting this is that there's been a recurring joke image on twitter of Mikhaila Peterson taking a selfie in front of JBP attached to the dick-sucking machine
Does anyone want to get banned from social media? My meds got lost in the great supply chain clusterfuck so I wasn't able to fill my prescription so now I'm full of rage and the filters that normally let me separate what I think from what is productive to say are turned off and I want to pick fights and make people cry.
Broke: Destigmatize mental illness
Woke: Weaponize your mental illness to cause suffering among people you don't know.
Either way, if you want me to unleash some weapons grade hot takes until your account gets permabanned just DM me your login and password.
we should unite the mad (majority) against the sane. we could call it ANTISA
Fucking hate that sometimes Hexbear will just eat a comment after you click post. Had a banger about cute boys and now that's just gone.
which of them is :bottom-speak: and which of them is :top-use-words:
first crypto, then startups then ...
esports, spacs all have gone down :thonk:
there isn't much profit to be made in space stuff without public subsidies but i dont think thats big enough to take down banks. remember when Bezos and other billionaires went to space, weird times.
i'd forgotten that was more than a year ago, somehow i'd thought that was 2022
Yeah spacex does hire competent engineers. Melon isn't fucking it up like he is the bird site and that's likely because systems exist to keep his hands out of the important bits.
Shoutout to u/FourteenEyes for this post for making me finally get on the dating apps. I have gotten many matches now and have a couple of dates set up for this week. Honestly, this shit has been a huge ego boost--call the volcel police but I'm fucking elated that there are actually people attracted to me.
But yeah, if you make it incredibly explicit on your profile that you are a communist and that you hate patriarchal values and shit people will still match with you, and the people that do match will be cool.
tfw have been using the apps for years without getting a single date :(
to be fair, I only live in a town of like 90,000 and I'm not proactive about messaging girls and I'm a loser and my life fucking sucks, so I should not expect more. nonetheless it sucks to know that I am basically undate-able or even un-hookup-with-able :sadness-abysmal: honestly don't know what to do
the bell curve iq meme (probably not the best analogy lol) but for liking/disliking spielberg is so true for me. as a kid i loved his movies (indiana jones was my favorite thing ever) but as i grew up i disliked him because i thought he was too generic, safe, saccharine, too “clean” and “polished”, etc. etc. (i loved nolan and tarantino around this time lmao) but damn more and more i’m realizing he really just is a master at what he does and has so many bangers
Its really easy to just think as a kid like "This guys just makes movies like coloring inside the lines!" or something to that effect but as time goes on and you maybe watch and learn more about film it gets really impressive to see something both polished/clean and really great at the same time.
Idk with this dumb "lines" analogy I have going on maybe its like you realize hes also drawing the linework to color inside of, rather than picking out the coloring book of "How to make the perfect film".
that analogy is so spot on it’s 100% that
it’s also one of those things where something/someone is so influential in their respective field that if you weren’t there to see it happen but were there to see what was influenced by it then the former doesn’t excite you as much until you really dive deeply and research it
when the revolution comes we can keep the good aspects of american culture (spielberg movies, french fries, jazz and hip hop) and get rid of the bad aspects (everything else)
Don't insult diners named Mama's (the heart for an a is mandatory) like that. Nothing like a blue plate from a greasy spoon.
edit: unless that falls under french fries